Defining a list in Python is easy—just use the bracket syntax to indicate items in a list, like this: list_of_ints = [1, 2, 3] Items in a list do not have to all be the same type; they can be any ...

Mypy, Pytype, Pyright, and Pyre can help you keep your type-hinted Python code bug-free. Let’s see what each of these useful tools has to offer. In the beginning, Python had no type decorations. That ...

This article is adapted from an edition of our Off the Charts newsletter originally published in October 2021. Off the Charts is a weekly, subscriber-only guide to The Economist’s award-winning data ...